Responses collected from other people from various places Immigration and the Welfare State: Immigrant and Native Use Rates and Benefit Levels for Means-Tested Welfare and Entitlement Programs https://www.cato.org/publications/immigration-research-policy-brief/immigration-welfare-state-immigrant-native-use-rates https://archive.fo/bPm28 The methodology here is a joke. They said when they looked at a family of 3, with 2 illegals and 1 naturalized child, and when only the child received aid (like SNAP), they'd count that usage towards all 3 people. Of course "immigrants" use less services if you trick around and skew the data like this. And that's not even all they did, that's just the first thing that jumped out at me. If you're too lazy to find the relevant passage in their methodology: >"For benefits delivered at the household level, the CPS data do not allow us to discern the immigration status of the intended recipients for children who live in households containing both citizens and noncitizens. As such, we assume that these benefits are split evenly among all members of each household in order to determine the value of benefits per individual". So no, your claim is wrong. It's about as useful as saying "illegals use less welfare than natives". That's because they physically can't. We're talking about the ones than can, and do. ------------------------------------------------------------ study: Immigrants' and Native Workers: New Analysis on Longitudinal Data https://www.nber.org/papers/w19315 https://web.archive.org/web/20181124104215/https://www.nber.org/papers/w19315 response: https://mobile.twitter.com/heywildrich/status/1066118937451081728/photo/1 https://archive.fo/LXi1J bonus response that study he's talking about examines the years '91 to 2008 that's like nearly a decade before they took in a mass of refugees anyways paper added: https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/working%20papers/BM2016.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20181124104856/https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/working%20papers/BM2016.pdf ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× A recent paper that Borjas helped contribute to: “The contribution of foreign migration to local labour market adjustment” By Michael Amior, November 2018 http://***.lse.ac.uk/pubs/download/dp1582.pdf Finds a significant crowd out effect and moderately negative impacts on native employment for the US ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Also this one uses employer-employee data from denmark for around the same time period and finds negative effects on wages at the most disaggregated level https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-9442.2012.01720.x https://web.archive.org/web/20181124105920/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-9442.2012.01720.x ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× If anyone brigns up that Peri paper again show them this study Its for the US and says that " In contrast to the spatial approach, our results using the same data but employing the occupational approach yield consistently negative net effects of the proportion immigrant on the wages of native workers during the period from 1994 to 2006. “ a: "This occupational approach avoids the bias that is inherent in the spatial approach due to the endogenous nature of immigrants' decisions about where to reside and the economic opportunities of local areas." the spatial approach is the one that Borjas uses, so even though his work is good the occupation approach is better because a: "This occupational approach avoids the bias that is inherent in the spatial approach due to the endogenous nature of immigrants' decisions about where to reside and the economic opportunities of local areas.” and b: " For example, by using occupation as the indicator of skill, Orrenius and Zavodny (2007) bypass the estimation problem created by skills downgrading in more restrictive models.” the last part is from here https://www.nap.edu/read/23550/chapter/9#228 https://web.archive.org/web20181130123032/http://www.nap.edu/read/23550/chapter/9 and this is said study Immigration and the Wages of Native Workers: Spatial versus Occupational Approaches by ChangHwan Kim & Arthur Sakamoto https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00380237.2013.766834 https://archive.is/2TFz8 ------------------------------------------------------------ Response to Sean Last https://ideasanddata.wordpress.com/2018/08/06/ethnic-diversity-and-social-cohesion-a-critique/ https://archive.fo/ltRCr “Let's presume that diversity only marginally affects cohesion once you tease out SES. This still doesn't dismiss the optimality of an ethnostate. If you optimized all of the variables in these models (ones which have decent r^2 at least) but treated diversity as trivial, then you'd still be missing out on that marginal increase in cohesion that homogeneity predicts. That's sort of what the model tells us. So your obsession with SES being greater than diversity in increasing cohesion is absurd, as no ethnocentrist has ever suggested diversity trumps all other factors, just that it has an effect. Rather, these designs don't control for genetic diversity directly, rather implicitly. This study does: http://www.nber.org/papers/w21079 What you'll find in this study is that the models' r^2 are consistently 10-80%, depending on the model design. What is found on Table 12, for instance, is that an increase of genetic diversity, after controlling for a variety of geographic variables, predicts a decrease in interpersonal trust. All the other tables tell the exact same story: genetic Diversity causes civil conflict and ethnic conflict even after controlling for a variety of geographic, ethno-social, and institutional factors. As for the mechanism behind this, they actually bring up sociobiology as a potential explanation (though they don't cite anything on genetic similarity theory, [See: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1469-8129.2005.00216.x] which is the lens that I see these results through, it's still consistent with genetic Similarity theory.) As to how this all relates to prescriptions, it's clear that encouraging people to be around those who are more genetically similar to themselves, on the societal and individual level, will mitigate the frequency and severity of both civil conflict and interethnic conflict. Even if we dismiss trust or cohesion as bases for our prescriptions, we can still use conflict-laden bases to argue for the ethnostate. I'd appreciate critiques on this. I really want to create a strong basis for ethnocentrism. Edit: I scoured the literature on this niche study of diversity and found a replication of my study published 4 months ago. It basically confirms Everything from the 2015 paper with more sophisticated methods. https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://ftp.iza.org/dp11487.pdf&ved=2ahUKEwjc9LHKuY7dAhVH2IMKHa6xDnUQFjAHegQIIBAB&usg=AOvVaw0dltqL7YvYeYhjvmb_cTv5 SEAN, you're wrong on this buddy. Diversity does not tell you that increased interethnic interaction has occurred. Segregation is real. Atomization is mediating this. How do you not put this into context.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohYRRiWvre0&feature=youtu.be response to video: “I noticed you made an error in your analysis of the 2007 study by Robert Putnam, “E Pluribus Unum” You makes the comment that because a value shown was about 0.04, the size of the effect of social capital due to diversity was about 0.04. There were two data points shown that were 0.04 - S.E. and Beta. If you were referring to S.E or standard error, this would be a large misinterpretation of what standard error is. Standard error only tells us how far away the effect on a sample may be when applied to the whole population, ergo if you want to show something is a significant value, you want the standard error to be very low. So, what the standard error of 0.04 tells us it that the correlation of diversity on social cohesion within this sample is very applicable to the rest of the population. The other number is the beta value, which you would also be misinterpreting. The beta value in a regression analysis tells us the probability of accepting the null hypothesis or the un-relatedness of something. Like the standard error, lower is better, and therefore we expect this study to very much reject the idea these two things aren’t related. The more important number we’re looking for is the r2 value which is 0.26, meaning about 26% of the variation in social capital can be attributed to diversity. You stated this later on, but I thought this was an important thing to point out.” Another response to one of the video “I wasn't very impressed with the solidity of the numbers and then I noticed this: 5:34 Dincer 2011 Ethnic Diversity and Trust I hear Sean say: "...with trust peaking when diversity was at .34..." I read on screen: '...trust is minimized when the [diversity index] is equal to .34.' A peak is the opposite of a minimum. So I looked up the study: www [dot] laserwords [dot] co [dot] in/offprint/coep_29-2/coep_215_web [dot] pdf Dincer made a graph (figure 2, page 290) with trust displayed against diversity in the form of the Fractionalization Index, which basically means the chance 2 random people have the same ethnicity. Based on the assumption that mono-ethnic societies have high trust, but also that a society with every member having a different ethnicity (=100% ethnic atomisation) having high trust (?), a U-shaped graph is expected by the writer. When we look at figure 2 we see first the regression line going down, indicating that trust decreases with diversity. This is supported with a shitload of data. The slope decreases until a plateau forms at about .40 diversity on the x-axis. Again: Supported by a lot of data. This roughly means trust is reaching a minimum when only 60% of the people in society is of your race. When there is only 41% of the native population left, there is 1 data point in the right hand data-starved area of figure 2 that pulls the regression line up to suggest trust is increasing with high levels of diversity. This is what is supposed to confirm the U-shaped graph theory. I went through the text and I can't find where Dincer got the minimum at 0.34 which—in my interpretation of figure 2—should be at ~0.50. But then again, I'm not accustomed to humanities statistical protocols. I am merely a hard sciences guy. However, looking at the data in this article, I see overwhelming confirmation of the general thesis of Putnam up to around the 50% diversity area.” ------------------------------------------------------------ Response to Cathy Young’s tweet https://mobile.twitter.com/CathyYoung63/status/1090162779183566848 http://archive.is/R5L79 How about instead of arguing theory you look at reality which shows a completely different picture https://www.nber.org/papers/w23153.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20190129103113/https://www.nber.org/papers/w23153.pdf https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2006.09.006 https://doi.org/10.1080/00380237.2013.766834 “Assuming that their demand always offsets the shock to labor supply is ignorant Especially when you're importing millions of low income, uneducated people who fundamentally consume less $ value goods than natives” “I'm also sick of these dweebs who cite that Card study and refuse to acknowledge that long run analyses always bias the wage effect to zero There's no long run effect that result is a by-product of a mathematical assumption used to construct a model of what the labor market might look like in 10 - 20 years It has nothing to do with the data” ------------------------------------------------------------ Response to this study Macroeconomic evidence suggests that asylum seekers are not a “burden” for Western European countries http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/6/eaaq0883 https://archive.fo/NDoWD "study that says asylum seekers are not burden to Europe" bullshit. 1. "economic and fiscal effects 1985 to 2015" Why only till 2015. The Study been published 10 days ago, they would have been able to gather all economical data for 2016, if not 2017, as it been already published by the OECD and others. 2. „ displaced persons“ (…) „more than 1 million asylum applications“ Conflating definitions. A general theme, that everyone is a displaced person, refugee and not a migrant. Conflating legal definitions. In Germany only around 0,7% of asylum seekers got in 2015 the refugee status respect. the entitlement to be refugee, especially because of “safe third country rule” written into the German constitution Art §16a GG. Only the enhanced “asylum law” § 3 Abs. 1 AsylG rewrote and ascribed refugee attributions (48,5% in 2015), which do not make them entitled asylum seekers respec. refugee. Even in germany there are four different categories, as well as +20 different legal statues respec. residence permit. http://magaimg.net/img/6zo5.png http://archive.ph/3vhPH 3. "Eastern European countries" Before reading the whole studies, i know already that the premises will fall because of the east european countries. They did not have mostly any refugees and the macroeconomical outlook was also positive without refugees. 4. "only applicants who obtain refugee status are allowed to settle long-term in their host countries" No. In Germany by law, it is mostly impossible to deport someone - even serious criminals, it can take years. After several year living illegally in Germany, illegals can apply for a permanent resident permit... BTW not only asylum seekers can claim social benefits, but also people with a rejected asylum application as well as people who should be deported! 5. "we use real GDP per capita and unemployment rate to assess macroeconomic performance" Conflating the meaning of GDP, it describes the productivity oft the "working class" respec. everyone contributing to a productive output. Especially Asylum seekers in at least the first 6 years are mostly in all cases not productive, as illiteracy, cognitive disabilities, no basic education etc. is prevalent. In unemployment statistics - especially in Germany - they are not COUNTED at all, as they are not employable. And the european unemployment statistics of the last 40 years been very much tampered with respec. manipulated. 6. "Keynesian" … 7. the data and figures Are simply put shit no value. Why I discuss this shit article? The authors of that shit study did not mention. the FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY GAP, which describes the burden for the state and in consequence the tax payers! In Germany there been several prominent, publicly, politically acknowledged studies, which discus in detail the "burden" of migrants and refugees. Bonin, Holger (2014): Der Beitrag von Ausländern und künftiger Zuwanderung zum deutschen Staatshaushalt (in english "The contribution of foreigners and future immigration to the German state budget") https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/en/publications/publication/did/der-beitrag-von-auslaendern-und-kuenftiger-zuwanderung-zum-deutschen-staatshaushalt/ https://archive.fo/xdMmN Native germans over their life cost the state, 3.100 € Migrants over their life in Germany cost the state: 79.100 € Unfortunately this is the study! which been used to start politically the mass migration in 2015! The study argued there is a need for consolidation to change the demographic effects of the debt/GDP-ratio with mass migration. Debt/GDP-ratio in Germany is today at 64,1%, thx to south europe, EZB, and the working people Translation of table 5 http://magaimg.net/img/6zo6.png http://archive.ph/LaAvc if there is no migration a Debt/GDP-ratio would be 146,6% if there is a migration of 300.000 people a year a Debt/GDP-ratio would be 234,3% But if the mass migration is controlled - Table 7, everything would be fine. http://magaimg.net/img/6zo7.png http://archive.ph/3cyLl Costs of refugees? Bahnsen, Lewe Christoph; Manthei, Gerrit; Raffelhüschen, Bernd (2016): Ehrbarer Staat? Die Generationenbilanz. Update 2016: Zur fiskalischen Dividende der Zuwanderung https://freidok.uni-freiburg.de/data/13394 https://perma.cc/MG2T-GFY2 Same method as Bonin, with 6 scenarios for refugees. Best case scenario (integration as normal migrants do within 6 years and work): Refugees over their life in Germany cost the state: 450.000 € Worst case scenario: Refugees over their life in Germany cost the state: 900.000 € These are "burdens"... problem is, the studies are only in german, and the FISCAL SUSTAINABILITY GAP is a very important indicator ------------------------------------------------------------ Article: The Benefits of Immigration: Addressing Key Myths https://www.mercatus.org/publications/benefits-of-immigration-key-myths https://web.archive.org/web/20190223172008/https://www.mercatus.org/publications/benefits-of-immigration-key-myths "The timing is odd since immigration into the United States has slowed sharply." I guess it depends what your timeline is. Looking at US history as a whole, these are very high levels of immigration. There was almost none 1923-1965. "When immigrants enter the labor force, they increase the productive capacity of the economy and raise GDP." This is an argument used by people who don't understand per capita. All population growth raises the GDP. China and India have high GDPs because they have high populations. That doesn't mean they're nice places to live. "Their incomes rise, but so do those of natives. " This is technically correct, but only sounds good when you don't differentiate between sectors. Immigrants tend to be concentrated in certain sectors, which drives up the supply of labor in those sectors, lowering wages, while increasing wages for workers that don't have to compete. What ends up happening is that the losses are concentrated among regular workers, while the benefits are concentrated among management. It's more of a wealth transfer. "while a small share of additional GDP accrues to natives — typically 0.2 to 0.4 percent — it still amounts to $36 to $72 billion per year." The absolute dollar value is irrelevant when it's, as they admit, such a small amount on the national level. And this small boost is concentrated among management and owners of capital, while the workers competing with immigrants get lower wages. "immigrants grease the wheels of the labor market by flowing into industries and areas where there is a relative need for workers " In other words, industries where corporations want to pay lower wages. "During and after World War II, Mexican immigrants were instrumental in alleviating shortages arising from the war effort." Incredibly misleading. 1923-1965 saw historic lows of immigration. I guess there were a few, but this is a very odd time period to pick when you're trying to brag about the benefits of immigration. "the rise in high-skilled immigration, a pronounced trend since the 1990s, has been linked to innovation, specifically to higher patenting rates among immigrants" Making a lot of patents says nothing about the quality of the products. "Forty-four percent of medical scientists are foreign born, for example, as are 42 percent of computer software developers." Sounds like an excuse not to invest in education for Americans. There's no incentive when we can just import unlimited amounts of professionals. "International migration is not much different than domestic migration, at least not in terms of economics. " This is... a really disingenuous argument. Internal migration isn't driven by the same economic disparities. People moving from Texas to California aren't desperately flooding in from third world living conditions looking for any job they can get. “Immigration significantly increases GDP per capita in advanced economies.” Does it? This literally contradicts the last article you posted, which said immigration only increases it by a small amount. In either case, it's ignoring the distribution of wealth. See previous post for how GDP per capita could theoretically increase while harming many workers and mostly benefiting managers and owners of capital. "Immigrants are more likely to start a business than native-born Americans, whether it’s a corner shop or high-tech startup." Meaningless. This tells me nothing about the quality of the business. Obviously immigrants are more likely to be self employed, someone has to run those little Mexican groceries that only other immigrants shop at. "Among startup companies that were valued at more than $1 billion in 2016, half were founded by immigrants. " Okay and how many startups actually survive long term? Why did they measure only startup companies for this statistic? "Among Fortune 500 companies, 40 percent were founded by immigrants or their children." They don't actually provide a citation, but if they're talking about the study that I'm thinking of, it actually measured for "founders or co-founders". Big companies will often have, like, 6 co-founders, so this is meaningless. “More than half of the high-skilled technology workers and entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley are foreign born.” This is just a way of avoiding solving our own problems. There is never going to be any incentive to educate Americans if we just keep importing people. "Immigrants extend the sustainability of federal retirement programs by slowing the rise in the ratio of retirees to workers." If you didn't have enough kids to help you during retirement, this is 100% your fault. "The most cost-effective policy for reducing illegal immigration remains the expansion of opportunities for legal entry and work." This is like saying "we can reduce speeding by increasing the speed limit". I guess it's technically true, but it's missing the point. "The rate of US immigration today is well below its historical average and below that of many other advanced nations." I don't know if this is actually true, but, in either case, it's irrelevant. All it means is that the US has had a high historical average. "There is no evidence that immigrants cause higher unemployment among Americans or depress average wages." Notice the careful wording. AVERAGE wages. Yes, because management and owners of capital benefit from immigration and drag up the average at the expense of workers that actually have to compete with them. "For more than 90 percent of American workers, immigration either raises wages or has no impact." How many does it actually raise it for? If it raises it for 10% that are in management and already making good money, has no impact for 80%, and lowers it for 10%, that's still a negative impact. In either case, I'm doubtful this statistic is accurate, because there's no way they measured the impact on every American worker accounting for every variable. " Immigrants are less likely to commit crimes or to be incarcerated than native-born Americans." This is a fun one. Immigrants have lower crime rates because the ones who do commit serious crimes end up getting deported. The reason they have lower crime rates is BECAUSE we have immigration laws. Obviously they're not going to be counted in the incarceration rates if they're gone. "Most immigrants pay more in taxes over their lifetimes than they consume in government benefits." Notice the careful wording. This is another one of those statements that's technically correct, but doesn't mean what you think it does. It doesn't say that immigrants pay more than they consume, it just says that they pay more than they consume in "government benefits", which is a very narrow category. People have much more costs than just "government benefits". All that infrastructure that needs to be built to accommodate more people costs a lot of money. Schools cost money. There's a lot more costs than just welfare. ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× 4 myths about how immigrants affect the U.S. economy https://www.pbs.org/newshour/economy/making-sense/4-myths-about-how-immigrants-affect-the-u-s-economy https://archive.fo/1X8KY ------------------------------------------------------------ response: "Fact: Immigrants contribute more in tax revenue than they take in government benefits" This only works when you ignore the cost of public goods. Notice the careful phrasing. They don't actually say that they contribute more than they cost, they just say that contribute more than they cost in "government benefits". People have other costs, too, like infrastructure. Once you actually add up local, state, and federal impacts, immigrants are a net drain. Check out Borjas's a users guide to the NAS report. https://web.archive.org/web/20190411015141/https://gborjas.org/2016/09/21/a-users-guide-to-the-2016-nas-immigration-report/ ------------------------------------------------------------ "Fact: Immigrants workers often take jobs that boost other parts of the economy" This is a peculiar point to make, because it applies to literally every job. If you sell cocaine, you're still "boosting the economy" by getting more money flowing. What actually matters is whether the demand for labor that they generate offsets the increase in supply of labor, and what sectors this affects. Immigrants are generally concentrated in certain sectors, meaning that they boost supply and lower wages in that sector, whole increasing wages for workers that don't have to compete. If you work a low paying job and immigration lowers your wage while increasing it for management, that's not much consolation. ------------------------------------------------------------ "Fact: Immigrants are key to offsetting a falling birth rate" Well, this is a simple one to refute. Just have more kids if you think this is a problem. Don't punish the younger generation because you didn't enough kids to support you in retirement. ------------------------------------------------------------ "Fact: Children with citizenship are more productive workers" Wait, isn't this an argument against immigration? Just stop letting in non citizens if they're so unproductive. ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Why are Immigrants' Incarceration Rates so Low? Evidence on Selective Immigration, Deterrence, and Deportation https://www.nber.org/papers/w13229 https://archive.fo/LBuT0 response: okay so first problem "In this paper, we examine immigrants’ institutionalization rates as a proxy for incarceration, and thus their involvement in criminal activity" this isn't a good proxy institutionalization rate literally includes people living in nursing homes "institutionalized" doesn't mean "incarcerated", it just means anyone who lives in a group home under the care of someone else " The results also suggest that immigrants are more responsive to criminal punishment than the average native" oh... so they're afraid of being deported? this sounds like something we've been saying lol "Butcher and Piehl (1998b) demonstrates that limiting the 1980 analysis to only those who are incarcerated does not substantively change the results." Study is paywalled and Sci Hub won't let me access it, but, in either case, "substantively" is subjective "For men aged 18–40, in 1980 70% of the institutionalized are incarcerated" 30% is a pretty big number, I can't see how it wouldn't change the results "The institutionalized population is a subset of the “special populations” category in the U.S. Census. The Census has separate questionnaires and procedures for those housed in group quarters, including institutions. Many of those living in institutions, including prisons and jails, are deemed unable to fill out their own questionnaires, in which case Census enumerators fill out these forms over several weeks using administrative data. (See the data appendix for a more detailed description of Census enumeration procedures in special populations.) Thus, the Census records for the incarcerated population should be as good as the administrative data on which they are based. Administrators of prisons and jails have large incentives to accurately count their inmates, as keeping track of inmates is their foremost responsibility. And administrative data are verified during the processing of criminal cases. Thus, we would expect this population to be accurately counted relative to the rest of the population. " okay this entire paragraph is delusional the questionnaire to find out whether they were immigrants or not was often not filled out by the subjects themselves yes, the administrators have an incentive to have accurate data however, if they genuinely don't know, then they just don't know so a lot of this data is just based on guessing "First, the Anti-Terrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act increased the list of criminal acts for which noncitizens must be detained. Legomsky (1999) reports that “mandatory detention now applies to almost all noncitizens who are inadmissible or deportable on crime-related grounds—not just to those convicted of aggravated felonies (p. 532).”" this doesn't really matter yes, they go to jail for some time ultimately, they're still out of the country and have no opportunity to re-offend recidivism is very common, so removing someone after they commit just one serious crime is going to decrease incarceration rates by a lot "Butcher and Piehl (2000) showed that immigrants under a deportation order spent more time incarcerated for a given sentence than similar natives—perhaps because backlogs in the system meant that immigrants awaiting deportation waited in prison until the INS could clear their cases. These effects would tend to inflate immigrants’ relative incarceration rates" yes, obviously it takes time to process someone who is being deported, but this doesn't remove the effect described earlier; that these people are literally unable to reoffend. ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Incarcerated Immigrants in 2016: Their Numbers, Demographics, and Countries of Origin https://www.cato.org/publications/immigration-research-policy-brief/their-numbers-demographics-countries-origin#full http://archive.is/U9nhE 1) They get incarcerated less because a lot of them get deported 2) Data broken down by race shows hispanics and blacks have higher incarceration rates than whites ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× The Use of Public Assistance Benefits by Citizens and Non‐​citizen Immigrants in the United States https://www.cato.org/publications/working-paper/use-public-assistance-benefits-citizens-non-citizen-immigrants-united " Using the concept of an immigrant-headed household, as CIS does, inflates the impact of immigrants’ use of child health insurance by ten-fold. " okay so here's the thing, honest studies on this subject will count households instead of individuals. because a lot of immigrants aren't eligible for benefits, so they claim benefits on behalf of their children, obviously they still use the benefits. They just put their kids' names on the paperwork so they can legally claim it "This analysis focuses on individuals by immigration status, while the CIS studies focused on households headed by immigrants. We focus on individuals, particularly non-citizens, because those are the policy issues that are relevant to the public assistance programs and because immigrant-headed households typically include both immigrant members with citizen members. As noted earlier, U.S.-born children – who constitute the bulk of children in immigrant-headed households, are U.S. citizens and are therefore eligible for public benefits. " No, the relevant policy issue is the net impact, not whose name is on the paperwork. "Third, our analyses focus on non-citizens, while the CIS study focuses on immigrants in general, including naturalized citizens. " NICE SNEAKY DATA MANIPULATION so once they become citizens, which they do precisely to become eligible for more benefits, you stop counting them. "Fourth, CIS bundled various food assistance programs and cash assistance programs together, while we focused only on the principal benefit programs. Neither approach is inherently better than the other, but yield slightly different results. " Really? Seriously? Looking at more programs isn't inherently better than looking at less programs? ------------------------------------------------------------ Study: Rethinking the Effects of Immigration on Wages http://www.nber.org/papers/w12497 http://archive.is/sOvqW by Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano Giovanni Peri “The sole reason Peri gets this estimate of a very slight positive increase in wages is because he assumes a large complementary effect between immigrants and natives, the only problem is that a Peri co-author Ethan Lewis has found that this complementary effect is very modest i.e. no where near as strong as Peri thinks it is. (Footnote 7 he says it's very modest) https://www.dartmouth.edu/~ethang/w18310.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20160408120614/https://www.dartmouth.edu/~ethang/w18310.pdf Peri also groups kids still in high school with high school dropouts which is really stupid, when you realize how dumb it is the effect is completely gone: http://www.nber.org/papers/w13887” http://archive.is/cGOdr ------------------------------------------------------------ Regarding Borjas study where he used small sample size study: http://www.nber.org/papers/w21588.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20180602092700/http://www.nber.org/papers/w21588.pdf THE WAGE IMPACT OF THE MARIELITOS: A REAPPRAISAL by George J. Borjas "You obviously don't understand how measuring labor market impacts works. Borjas used a small sample size because the ACS data used only contains small amounts of individuals who had qualifications that would quantify them as being "competing workers" with immigrants. If you want a study of his with a large sample size then here it is; analysis using 40 years of data finds significant negative impacts on wages THE LABOR DEMAND CURVE IS DOWNWARD SLOPING: REEXAMINING THE IMPACT OF IMMIGRATION ON THE LABOR MARKET* GEORGE J. BORJAS https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/journal/QJE2003.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20180710004616/https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/journal/QJE2003.pdf ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× But hell, you don't even need Borjas. Here's some more "We found consistent with previous research by Card and Lewis (2005), that Mexican immigrants have a significant (negative) impact on wages for natives in occupations with high school level education requirements." The Impact of Mexican Immigrants on U.S. Wage Structure 2007 Maude Toussaint-Comeau http://www.chicagofed.org/digital_assets/publications/working_papers/2007/wp2007_24.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20100615230629/http://www.chicagofed.org/digital_assets/publications/working_papers/2007/wp2007_24.pdf ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× The impact of EU and Non-EU immigration on British wages 2017 Stephen Nickell and Jumana Saleheen https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186%2Fs40176-017-0096-0.pdf ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Latinos, Blacks, and the Competition for Low-Skill Jobs: Examining Regional Variations in the Effect of Immigration on Homicide in the U.S. 2014 Raymond E. Barranco https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02732173.2014.895636 ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Start on page 3 https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/03-16-16%20Borjas%20Testimony.pdf (Testimony Before the Senate Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Immigration and the National Interest March 16, 2016 https://web.archive.org/web/20160510105311/https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/03-16-16%20Borjas%20Testimony.pdf) "The main criticism of my analysis is that it is based on a small sample of workers , a fact that I explicitly acknowledge in my paper. There are only around 20 or so workers per year in my sample, which is why Figure 1 shows a 3-year moving average of the data, so that each data point is based on a sample of around 60 observations. But there is an alternative and very convincing way of showing that something did indeed happen in Miami even when the sample is larger. Let’s pool the data for the years between 1976 and 1979, and call it the “before” period. Similarly, let’s pool the data for the years between 1981 and 1986, and call it the “after” period. How does the before - after wage drop experienced by Miami’s low-skill workers compare to the wage change experienced by comparable workers in other cities at that time? Figure 2 shows the distribution of wage changes across all cities. The wage drop experienced by Miami’s low-skill workers was the largest drop seen in any local labor market in the United States." ------------------------------------------------------------ A response to study: Immigration and National Wages: Clarifying the Theory and the Empirics Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano, Giovanni Peri http://www.nber.org/papers/w14188 http://archive.is/pMcmX "I'm not even sure you read the study you linked, but Peri and his butt buddies even admit that for the most accurate and observable estimates (short run) the wage effect is still negative, and significantly negative for previous immigrants. You keep citing Peri so I'll cite some based Borjas. Borjas estimated the wage impact for a similar time frame using a carbon copy complementary effect and still found a significant negative effect on wages for high school dropouts. (We wanted workers Table 7.2) All of that's being generous, if Peri and Co. had used more established statistical methods then his complementary effect would entirely disappear https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e341/70d5120f099230fe07632ef0c38c3fbb6af7.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20180825065130/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e341/70d5120f099230fe07632ef0c38c3fbb6af7.pdf ------------------------------------------------------------ A response to article by Emily Moon AUG 22, 2018 “RESEARCH TELLS US THAT IMMIGRATION DOES NOT LEAD TO HIGHER CRIME RATES” https://psmag.com/.amp/social-justice/research-tells-us-that-immigration-does-not-lead-to-higher-crime-rates?__twitter_impression=true https://archive.fo/f14cv The first study DOES UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRATION INCREASE VIOLENT CRIME?* by MICHAEL T. LIGHT and TY MILLER First published: 25 March 2018 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1745-9125.12175 >analyzed population-level crime rates from all 50 states from 1990 to 2014 and found that the relationship between immigration and crime is "generally negative." So they admit that it can cause crime in some cases, epic. >"Increases in the undocumented immigrant population within states are associated with significant decreases in the prevalence of violence," That's because most of the time undocumented immigrants settle in already established immigrant areas, or enclaves. A homogeneous enclave provides a protection effect that deters crime. Even if undocumented immigrants dont settle in established areas research has shown that immigration induces a strong "native flight" from these areas, thus turning those areas into immigrant enclaves over time. Native Out-Migration and Neighborhood Immigration in New Destinations Matthew Hall and Kyle Crowder https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13524-014-0350-5 https://archive.fo/PSevS ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× The second study The Criminalization of Immigration in the United States By Walter Ewing, Ph.D., Daniel E. Martínez, Ph.D. and Rubén G. Rumbaut, Ph.D. 2015 https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/criminalization-immigration-united-states https://archive.fo/mUUkC >A 2015 study found that, in the same period, the immigration population more than tripled in the United States; from 1990 to 2013, the violent crime rate decreased by 48 percent, according to Federal Bureau of Investigation data. Correlation doesn't equal causation. Study below shows it's bullshit >both overall and black homicide declined the least in areas with the highest levels of immigration; and (4) we find no evidence that immigration indirectly lowered non‐immigrant crime rates by revitalizing communities. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings. Reconsidering the Unusual Suspect: Immigration and the 1990s Crime Decline By Raymond E. Barranco Edward S. Shihadeh David Allan Evans 31 July 2017 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/soin.12195 http://archive.is/4YyXN ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Third study Criminal Immigrants in Texas https://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/irpb-4-updated.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20180822235718/https://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/irpb-4-updated.pdf >A 2018 study from the Cato Institute found that immigrants have far lower arrest and criminal conviction rates than native-born Americans—a pattern that study author Alex Nowrasteh says holds for all crimes. The trend doesn't hold true for all immigrants. European and Asian immigrants are much less likely to commit crimes than Hispanic immigrants. This holds true for illegal immigrants as well. one thing I would say here is that it would be pretty stupid to just compare "native" crimes to illegals (most of which are hispanic) all crime statistics should be broken down by race. Of course, they don't do this for a variety of reasons (some legitimate) You'll see the homicide rate is literally twice the rate of legal immigrants and only 0.5% less than natives thats still a fuckton of murders preventable ones Not to mention that the data is expressed "Per 100,000 population", which is ridiculously dishonest. Crimes should be expressed compared to the size of that particular group e.g. what proportion of illegal immigrants commit homicide, etc. compared to natives/legal immigrants. Nowrasteh's Texas study didn't include a breakdown by ethnicity because apparently the Texas DOJ didn't have any data breaking it down like that. But it's evident that the homicide rate for illegal aliens is significantly higher than legal immigrants. ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Fourth study Criminal Immigrants: Their Numbers, Demographics, and Countries of Origin https://www.cato.org/publications/immigration-reform-bulletin/criminal-immigrants-their-numbers-demographics-countries#full https://web.archive.org/web/20180104072252/https://www.cato.org/publications/immigration-reform-bulletin/criminal-immigrants-their-numbers-demographics-countries http://magaimg.net/img/60av.png http://archive.is/B7g5b You can clearly see that African americans offset the native incarceration rate by a lot, for whatever reason. Some immigrants commit less crime than others, same with natives, the only difference is that we can choose which immigrants we bring into America. We can't do that for natives. Illegal immigrants have significantly higher incarceration rates than legal immigrants, and hispanic illegals (which make up the majority of illegal immigrants) have a significantly higher incarceration rate than white and asian natives ×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××× Fifth study Comparing Patterns and Predictors of Immigrant Offending Among a Sample of Adjudicated Youth https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10964-013-0045-z http://archive.is/udbRC >A 2014 study of juvenile offenders in the Journal of Youth and Justice found recent immigrants have "significantly lower" rates of violent or property crime, although second-generation immigrants commit crimes at a level more similar to their native-born peers. Well it seems that the effect of less crime goes away in the second generation and regresses back to the mean. I guess this offsets the less crime meme It's good to remember that the negative association between immigration and crime is very weak Immigration and Crime: Assessing a Contentious Issue Graham C. Ousey and Charis E. Kubrin https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-criminol-032317-092026 ------------------------------------------------------------ Comment mentions that illegal immigrants only responsable for 1% of illegal and property crimes, also mentions Mariel response: And yet that 1% of preventable crime is responsible for the deaths of over 32,000 Americans https://www.gao.gov/assets/700/693162.pdf (page 26 + 32) I don't know where youre getting your numbers about the Mariel, but even assuming you're right the wages of the most vulnerable groups, low skill minorities, saw a significant negative decline. https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/journal/ILRR2017.pdf (p. 1082) https://web.archive.org/web/20190325201314/https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/journal/ILRR2017.pdf The Mariel was just one natural experiment, if you want to look at the whole impact of immigration on wages you'll find significant wage losses for the groups who need wage raises the most https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/journal/QJE2003.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20190325201350/https://sites.hks.harvard.edu/fs/gborjas/publications/journal/QJE2003.pdf ------------------------------------------------------------ Response about immigrant innovation High skilled immigrants are responsible for technology and innovation. Foreign born hispanics have some of the lowest skill selectivity out of any immigrant group (https://medium.com/@NoahCarl/immigrant-groups-that-are-more-skill-selected-have-higher-average-incomes-b97f09b2bbe2, http://archive.is/3XjSl) and are virtually non-existent in terms of representation regarding innovation (http://www2.itif.org/2016-demographics-of-innovation.pdf, page 25, https://web.archive.org/web/20190325202021/http://www2.itif.org/2016-demographics-of-innovation.pdf). Massive unskilled immigration isn't sending America into the future. It's holding us back, immigrants from the third world have intensive welfare usage rates (http://ftp.iza.org/dp4659.pdf, p. 11, https://web.archive.org/web/20190325202120/http://ftp.iza.org/dp4659.pdf) and are a net negative on the budget (Table 2 and page 3 https://www.dallasfed.org/en/research/papers/2017/~/media/documents/research/papers/2017/wp1704.pdf, https://web.archive.org/web/20190325202200/https://www.dallasfed.org/en/research/papers/2017/~/media/documents/research/papers/2017/wp1704.pdf) https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02732173.2014.895636 http://archive.is/v5pHY http://www.nber.org/papers/w12518.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20190325205518/https://www.nber.org/papers/w12518.pdf https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236795101_Latino_Employment_and_Black_Violence_The_Unintended_Consequence_of_US_Immigration_Policy https://web.archive.org/web/20190325205822/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236795101_Latino_Employment_and_Black_Violence_The_Unintended_Consequence_of_US_Immigration_Policy http://www.nber.org/papers/w23330 http://archive.is/K9iEU ------------------------------------------------------------ Posts by cisheteroscum on immigration: Potential New Series: Why Your Economic Arguments are Bad (Preface) https://archive.is/aODGj Your "Economic" Arguments are Bad Part 1: Economists Aren't That Smart https://archive.is/I5Zfz Your "Economic" Arguments are Bad Part 2: GeeDeePee https://archive.is/UfEqe Your "Economic" arguments are bad: Part 3: Immigration https://archive.is/2V0ij Your "Economic" Arguments are Bad Part 4: Our Greatest Strength https://archive.is/wBSeu